On-line symposium post-test:
Modern Approaches to Fluid Resuscitation: Modes, Metrics, and Maximization
a. Late interventions are effective for improving outcomes
b. Early interventions aimed at optimization are effective in improving outcomes
c. There is no literature to support either a or b
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2. Global tissue hypoxia occurs when:
a. Oxygen delivery is inadequate for tissue demands
b.Oxygen delivery is in excess of tissue demands
c. Oxygen demands are being met
3. Early lactate clearance is associated with improved outcomes in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock,
a. True
b. False
4. Markers of tissue hypoxia include:
a. ScvO2, Lactate, Base excess, anion gap
b. ScvO2, Lactate, Base deficit, anion gap
c. ScvO2, Pyruvate,Base deficit, anion gap
5. Predictors of post-operative morbidity include markers of hypovolemia.
6. Flow based hemodynamic monitoring parameters include:
a. CO, SV, SVV
b. MAP, CVP, CO
c. CO, PAWP, MAP